The tree topology is a network topology that is used in data communication and network architecture and combines properties of the star topology and bus topology. Basically, several star topologies are connected hierarchically via a main line.
The tree topology is particularly popular due to the organization of extensive discrete amounts of information. It has a central trunk (root) from which all other nodes branch off. This trunk can be, for example, a main server, a switch or a router. Several subordinate branches, which can represent different network segments, extend from this central root. These branches can contain further nodes, switches or end devices. The tree topology is very flexible and easy to expand. This means that the failure of end devices has no consequences, search and sorting algorithms are well suited and large distances can be realized.
The tree structure is therefore well suited for area-wide cabling and for networks in multi-storey buildings or company networks. However, if a distributor fails, the entire strand of the distributor is affected and can no longer be reached.