Internet switch vs. router: differences and best use

Both switches and routers are part of the list of components that contribute to a secure and functioning network. In the worst case scenario, a failure can paralyze the entire IT infrastructure. This makes it all the more important to know the right use case for the corresponding hardware. In our blog "Build IT infrastructure and benefit from improved processes", you can find out how you can build an effective infrastructure.

Here you can find out how switches and routers differ from each other and how best to use them.

In short, both components are responsible for targeted data transmission, but work on different layers of the OSI model. Routers (network layer, layer 3) forward data with IP addresses across networks. Switches (data link layer, layer 2) transmit data between participants within a local network using MAC addresses. Layer 3 switches combine the tasks of both devices and can perform basic, but not advanced, router functions.

Differences at a glance

Properties	Layer-2-Switch	Layer-3-Switch	Router
Routing properties	Not routable	Basic routing functions	Also extended routing functions
	Only works in LAN	Works in LAN and WLAN	Works in WLAN
Layer in the OSI model	Layer 2 (Data Link Layer)	Layer 3 (Network Layer)	Layer 3 (Network Layer)
Targeted data forwarding	Identification via MAC table	Identification via MAC table and IP address	Identification via IP address
Suitability	For internal communication only	For internal and partly external communication	For complex, external communication

Switch vs. router: Is a direct comparison possible?

As the definitions of both hardware components show, a direct comparison is difficult because the two perform different tasks. Particularly in extensive networks, it is therefore less a case of switch or router, but rather switches and routers.

Layer 3 switches bridge the gap between the two devices and take on tasks from both areas.

The question remains, why are there routers if a switch combines both functions?

Can a layer 3 switch replace a router?

It is very important to emphasize that a layer 3 switch performs basic routing functions. If these are sufficient for your purposes, such a device can certainly be used for both. The fast transmission in particular makes it a popular alternative in companies that mainly consist of one location.

However, in complex company structures at the latest, it is advisable to use both the one and the other. This allows you to achieve the best performance and better monitor individual nodes within your network according to their specific function. Above all, however, extended router services are often decisive in such an environment.

These include, among others:

VPN connections: VPN functions are necessary to guarantee employees secure access to the company network across different locations.
Network address translation (NAT): Changes can be made to the addresses of IP packets.
WAN connections: Layer 3 switches are usually not optimized for this and are therefore limited to VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network). They therefore divide a physical network into several logical networks.
Dynamic routing: This is necessary to automatically take changes in large networks into account and to keep data traffic efficient.

Buy switch or router at IT-Planet

You will find both routers and switches in our range. You can get them new, but also refurbished - an absolute advantage for the environment, but also for your wallet.

If you are still unsure at this point which device is the better choice for you, please get in touch with us using our contact form. We will be happy to advise you in detail.

You may also find our detailed blog post helpful: "Which switch is the right one? - From home applications to large corporations", where you can find out more about the topic and also get information on unmanaged and managed switches.