The network layer forms the third layer/Layer 3 in the OSI model, the standardized reference model for structuring network communication.
This layer connects devices via different networks, which makes it possible to forward data packets from one network to another. It therefore controls the temporally and logically separated communication between the end devices. Logical addressing of the end devices also takes place for the first time by assigning a unique IP address, the key protocol of this layer. In addition, tasks such as determining the optimum route for data traffic, fragmenting and assembling packets and managing data traffic in the network are performed.
The network layer plays a decisive role in the formation of subnets and the efficient transmission of data between different networks.